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Applied math calculators

Formula calculators for physics, engineering, chemistry, finance, economics and applied statistics. Each gathers the standard equations of one field on a single page, so you can solve for whichever quantity is missing.

Applied math: which calculator do I need?

You have or wantUse
Distance, speed or time from a constant acceleration, or projectile rangePhysics calculator
The force needed to accelerate a mass, or the weight of an objectForce calculator
Acceleration from a change in speed, a force or a distanceAcceleration calculator
Speed or velocity from distance and time, or average velocity between two pointsVelocity calculator
Current from voltage and resistance, or a voltage dividerEngineering calculator
Molar mass, molarity, a dilution or pHChemistry calculator
The present or future value of money, or the NPV and IRR of cash flowsFinancial mathematics calculator
Price elasticity of demand, CAGR or the GDP deflatorEconometrics calculator
A frequency table and histogram from raw dataData analysis calculator
Sensitivity, odds ratio or relative risk from a 2×2 tableBiostatistics calculator
Physics calculator: a worked example with its result and chart
Physics calculator: a worked example of the most-used calculator in applied math.

Physical sciences and engineering

The standard formulas of mechanics, circuits and chemistry, solved for any unknown.

Finance and economics

The time value of money and the ratios economists use.

Data and health statistics

Applied statistics for summarising data and reading clinical 2×2 tables.

One page per field

Each applied calculator collects the formulas of one subject, so you do not have to hunt for a separate tool for every equation. Pick the formula, fill in the values you know, and the page solves for the rest and shows the substitution. Units are part of every input. Mixing kilometres with metres per second is the most common source of wrong answers in physics and engineering.

Worked examples across the fields

  • Physics: a ball dropped from rest (u = 0) with g = 9.81 m/s² falls s = ½gt² = 19.62 m in 2 s and reaches v = gt = 19.62 m/s. The physics calculator solves any SUVAT equation from three known values.
  • Engineering: 12 V across 4 Ω gives I = V/R = 3 A and a power of P = VI = 36 W, in the engineering calculator.
  • Finance: 1,000 invested at 5% a year, compounded annually for 10 years, grows to 1,000 × 1.05¹⁰ = 1,628.89. The financial mathematics calculator also runs this backwards to find a present value.

Where to go for more depth

The last four calculators each overlap with a larger part of the site. For savings, loans and retirement, see the finance calculators. For regression beyond the simple OLS on the econometrics page, see the linear regression calculator. The data analysis calculator builds a full frequency table, and the histogram maker and frequency distribution calculator give more control over the chart. The biostatistics calculator computes everything from one 2×2 table. The sensitivity and specificity and relative risk calculators explain each measure in more detail.

A common mix-up

A test with 90% sensitivity does not mean a positive result is 90% likely to be right. That is the positive predictive value, and it depends on how common the condition is. The biostatistics calculator reports both, so the difference is easy to see.

Guides to read alongside

Common questions

Which units do the applied calculators use?
SI units, such as metres, seconds, kilograms, volts and moles per litre, and each result states its unit. Where a page accepts other units, such as the ideal gas law on the chemistry calculator, it converts them for you; otherwise convert everything to SI before you enter it.
What is the difference between NPV and IRR?
NPV discounts every cash flow at a rate you choose and adds them up, so a positive NPV means the project beats that rate. IRR is the rate that makes the NPV exactly zero. The financial mathematics calculator reports both, and the payback period, from one list of cash flows.
Is the chemistry calculator’s molar mass exact?
It uses the IUPAC abridged standard atomic weights to five significant figures, such as Cl = 35.45, and adds them according to the formula you type, including brackets such as Ca(OH)2 and hydrates. Textbooks that round Cl to 35.5 will give slightly different answers.

Written and reviewed by our editorial team. Last updated . Method and sources: how these numbers are computed.